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Abouriou
Abouriou (French spelling of Occitan ''aboriu'', early) is a red French wine grape variety grown primarily in Southwest France and, in small quantities, California. It is a blending grape that, along with Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Fer, Cabernet Franc, and Merlot, is used to make the ''Appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) wine of Côtes du Marmandais. Abouriou can also be made into a varietal, as it is used in some ''vin de pays'' wines. The grape is known for its low acidity and high tannin content.
Though Abouriou shares several synonyms (alternative names other than the full botanical name) with the Beaujolais grape Gamay, their morphology differs and DNA evidence has shown the two varieties to be distinct. In California, the grape is sometimes called Early Burgundy, another allusion to Gamay. With a tendency to bud and ripen early, the vine produces high yields and vigorous growth with a relatively high resistance to most grape diseases.
==History==
Ampelographers believe that Abouriou originated in Southwest France in the Lot-et-Garonne department, probably around the commune of Villeréal where the grape has long been associated with. The grape was once widely planted throughout the region until the phylloxera epidemic of the mid-19th century devastated the area and sharply reduced Abouriou's numbers. The grape was near extinction until a local farmer discovered abandoned plantings of the vine growing up the wall of a ruined castle outside of Villeréal. Numa Naugé, a private grape breeder from Casseneuil in Lot-et-Garonne, cultivated seedlings of Abouriou from those vines and presented them to French viticultural authorities in 1882 for conservation and propagation. Naugé's work in saving Abouriou from extinction is honored today with the alternative name Précoce Nauge.〔J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs 3-4, Allen Lane 2012 ISBN 978-1-846-14446-2 〕〔Rob Tebeau ''"(Abouriou - Cotes du Marmandais, France )"'' Fringe Wine, January 31st, 2013〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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